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Concatenation code:
* create dataset A;
data DataA;
Num=1;VarB=1;output;
Num=2;VarB=2;output;
Num=3;VarB=3;output;
run;
* create dataset B;
data DataB;
Num=1;VarB="1";output;
Num=2;VarB="2";output;
Num=3;VarB="3";output;
run;

* concatenate A and B;
Data DataAB;
set DataA DataB;
run;
* concatenate B and A;
Data DataBA;
set DataB DataA;
run;
Data DataAB1;
set DataA DataB;
VarB1=VarB*1;
run;

data dataA1;
set DataA;
VarB1 = VarB;
drop VarB; *fix;
run;
* two variables: Num and VarB1;

data dataB1;
set DataB;
VarB1 = VarB*1;
run;
* three variables: Num, VarB, VarB1;
Data DataA1B1;
set DataA1 DataB1;
run;

==========

For Badge, complete all quizzes at 80% or higher

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https://learn.sas.com/course/view.php?id=235

When you scroll down you should be able to claim that badge:

It will tell you that you will receive digital copy in email:

... after about 30min.

THIS IS SUFFICIENT - you can simply create PDF of your email and upload to Canvas or take screenshot.

Apparently you must create an account and share your ECU email with private company:

I did my standard password and added at the end "QQQ111!!!"

I selected Public badge view

This is what changed:

When I clicked verification I got:

So any screen with your name on it is fine.

CNBC: Private-jet demand is on the rise amid government shutdown, says Flexjet CEO

Flight disruptions from shutdown worsen; Delta, United offer extra pay to crew flights

https://www.cnbc.com/2025/11/10/government-shutdown-flight-delays-cancellations.html

AIRLINES Private-jet demand is on the rise amid government shutdown, says Flexjet CEO PUBLISHED MON, NOV 10 20259:12 AM ESTUPDATED 25 MIN AGO thumbnail Leslie Josephs @LESLIEJOSEPHS

https://www.cnbc.com/2025/11/10/private-jet-demand-government-shutdown.html

-=-=-=

Can Donald Trump do what Ronald Reagan did to solve issue with airlines during government shutdown?"

That’s a really sharp question — and it touches on a few important legal and historical differences. Let’s unpack it carefully.

1. What Reagan did

In 1981, President Ronald Reagan fired over 11,000 air traffic controllers who went on strike with the union PATCO. He did this because:

Federal law (the Taft–Hartley Act and 5 U.S.C. §7311) prohibits federal employees from striking.
Reagan gave them 48 hours to return to work; when they didn’t, he terminated their employment and banned them from federal service (a ban later lifted under Clinton).

So Reagan acted under existing law against striking federal workers — not during a government shutdown, but during an illegal strike.

2. How a government shutdown is different

A shutdown happens when Congress fails to pass funding, not when workers strike. During a shutdown:

Federal employees aren’t allowed to work (except “essential” workers) because there’s no legal authority to pay them.
They’re furloughed or required to work unpaid until funding is restored.
The Antideficiency Act bars agencies from spending money Congress hasn’t appropriated.

So, unlike Reagan’s situation, employees aren’t refusing to work — the government is legally barred from employing or paying them. That means Trump (or any president) can’t fire workers for not working during a shutdown, because they’re being told by law not to work.

3. What Trump could do

If Trump were president during a shutdown, his options would be more limited:

He could declare some additional employees “essential” to keep certain operations running (like air traffic control).
He could redirect or repurpose existing funds — but only within strict legal limits.
He could negotiate with Congress or use political pressure to end the shutdown.

But he couldn’t use Reagan’s 1981 approach, because that was a response to an illegal strike, not a lack of congressional funding.

In short:
No — Donald Trump (or any president) couldn’t “do what Reagan did” during a shutdown, because Reagan’s solution addressed an illegal strike, while a shutdown is a funding issue controlled by Congress. The law that stopped Reagan’s air traffic controllers doesn’t apply to shutdowns.

Would you like me to explain how a president might legally keep air traffic running during a shutdown (for instance, by reclassifying or reprioritizing essential workers)?

So explain how the shutdown affects airlines different than when it happened during Reagan presidency?

Excellent follow-up — and an important distinction.

Let’s break this down step-by-step:

1. Reagan’s 1981 situation (PATCO strike)

What happened:
The Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) went on strike for better pay, shorter hours, and improved working conditions.
Why it happened:
Controllers voluntarily stopped working, violating federal law, because federal workers are forbidden to strike (5 U.S.C. § 7311).
Reagan’s response:
He ordered them back to work, and when they refused, he fired over 11,000 controllers and banned them from federal service.
Impact on airlines:
- About half of the nation’s air traffic control system was suddenly understaffed.
- The FAA reduced the number of flights allowed to maintain safety.
- Airlines saw fewer flights, delays, and temporary service disruptions, but operations continued using supervisors, military controllers, and replacements.
- Within months, air travel stabilized.

→ Summary: Airlines were affected by a labor shortage caused by a strike, not a lack of funding.

2. A modern government shutdown

What happens:
When Congress fails to pass a funding bill (appropriations), the Antideficiency Act requires many federal operations to stop because they can’t legally spend money.
Who’s affected:
- “Non-essential” federal workers are furloughed (temporarily laid off).
- “Essential” workers — such as air traffic controllers, TSA officers, and FAA safety inspectors — must keep working, but without pay until the shutdown ends.
Impact on airlines:
- Flights generally continue operating, since air traffic controllers and TSA keep working.
- However, unpaid workers often call in sick, creating staffing shortages and long security lines.
- Training, certification, and inspections (non-emergency FAA functions) are paused, which can delay new routes, aircraft certifications, or safety reviews.
- Extended shutdowns can cause airline scheduling chaos, delays, and economic ripple effects, even if planes keep flying.

→ Summary: Airlines are affected by disruptions due to unpaid or furloughed federal workers, not by an illegal strike or mass firing.

3. The core difference

Aspect	Reagan’s 1981 Crisis	Government Shutdown
Cause	Illegal strike by air traffic controllers	No funding from Congress
Legal Authority	Workers broke the law; Reagan fired them	Law forbids paying workers without funding
Workers’ Status	Striking voluntarily	Forced furlough or unpaid work
President’s Options	Fire, replace, or negotiate	Classify as “essential,” pressure Congress
Airline Impact	Sudden but fixable staffing shortage	Ongoing disruptions, slower operations

In short:

Under Reagan, the problem was workers refusing to work — so he used executive authority to replace them.
During a shutdown, the problem is workers can’t be paid — and only Congress can fix that by restoring funding.
Airlines keep flying during a shutdown, but face delays, morale issues, and operational bottlenecks, not the outright collapse risk seen in 1981.

Would you like me to show how a long shutdown (say, over 3 weeks) might start to impact air travel safety or scheduling based on recent examples like 2019?

Friday, October 31, 2025

CNBC: AI companies are downplaying amount of energy and capital they need, Joe Lonsdale says

AI companies are downplaying amount of energy and capital they need, Joe Lonsdale says

https://www.cnbc.com/2025/10/30/palantir-s-lonsdale-says-ai-companies-downplay-energy-capital-needs.html

Venture capitalist Joe Lonsdale, who previously co-founded Palantir, said that top artificial intelligence executives are downplaying the resources needed to meet their plans.
Tech giants have heavily ramped up spending on AI in recent months to build out infrastructure and lure top talent.
Meta, Microsoft and Alphabet on Wednesday raised their forecasts for capital expenditures.
===========

*Example from Prep Guide*;

* first observation;

data DataA1;

Num=1;

VarA="A1";

run;

* second observation;

data DataA2;

Num=2;

VarA="A2";

run;

* concatenate DataA1 and DataA2;

data DataA1A2;

set dataA1 dataA2;

run;

* third observation;

data DataA3;

Num=3;

VarA="A3";

run;

* concatenate DataA1 - DataA3;

data DataA1A2A3;

set DataA1 DataA2 dataA3;

run;

data DataA1A2A3b;

set DataA1A2 DataA3;

run;

* create dataset B;

data DataB;

Num=1;VarB="B1";output;

Num=2;VarB="B2";output;

Num=3;VarB="B3";output;

run;

* concatenate A and B;

Data DataAB;

set DataA1A2A3 DataB;

run;

* how to change the code to align Variable VarA in one column;

* .... so VarB needs to be as VarA in DataB;

Data DataAB;

set DataA1A2A3 DataB;

run;

CNBC: Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang says AI is in a ‘virtuous cycle.’ Here’s what he means

Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang says AI is in a ‘virtuous cycle.’ Here’s what he means

https://www.cnbc.com/2025/10/31/nvidia-ceo-jensen-huang-says-ai-has-reached-a-virtuous-cycle.html

Wednesday, October 29, 2025

CNBC: Boeing stems cash burn for first time since 2023 but takes $4.9 billion charge on 777X delays

Boeing stems cash burn for first time since 2023 but takes $4.9 billion charge on 777X delays

https://www.cnbc.com/2025/10/29/boeing-ba-3q-2025-earnings.html

Wednesday, November 26, 2025

CNBC: Uber rolls out driverless robotaxis in Abu Dhabi

Monday, November 10, 2025

CNN: Trump threatens to sue BBC as broadcaster faces ‘fight for its survival’

ECON6111 - class 11/10/2025 (And badge)

CNBC: Private-jet demand is on the rise amid government shutdown, says Flexjet CEO

ChatGPT said:

1. What Reagan did

2. How a government shutdown is different

3. What Trump could do

You said:

ChatGPT said:

1. Reagan’s 1981 situation (PATCO strike)

2. A modern government shutdown

3. The core difference

Friday, October 31, 2025

CNBC: AI companies are downplaying amount of energy and capital they need, Joe Lonsdale says

CNBC: Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang says AI is in a ‘virtuous cycle.’ Here’s what he means

Wednesday, October 29, 2025

CNBC: Boeing stems cash burn for first time since 2023 but takes $4.9 billion charge on 777X delays

Economic news - CNNMoney.com